There are many type of vehicle hoists available on the market today and vehicle hoists have evolved over time, from what we would now consider a “primitive” in ground single post/air driven lift, to the many different styles of modern and safe vehicle lifts available today. Back in the early days of the automotive industry when mechanics had to perform work underneath a vehicle, they would simply climb under the vehicle, they would park the vehicle on a set of ramps to get a little more clearance, the would jack the vehicle up and put it on stands or they would do their job while standing inside a pit in the ground, none of these types of solutions is really suited to today’s modern fleet or workforce.
Thanks to advances in technology and manufacturing we now have a large range of different styles of vehicle hoists that serve to make repairing vehicles much easier.
It is suggested that the ideal size for the average automotive dealership work bay is 4000mm wide and 7000mm long with minimum ceiling height of at least 4200mm, this allows for a safe amount of room to perform work around the vehicle and also allows for a bench and tool box at the front of the bay. The vehicle needs to be lifted to a reasonable height so that you can work on all styles of vehicles safely and comfortably. If you are servicing larger vehicles, then the bay size and ceiling height may need to increase.
There are four main styles of vehicle lift on the market today and they all play a different role in workshops. There are Two Post hoists, Four Post hoists, Scissor Lift hoists and Mobile column lifts and I have briefly expanded on the differences below.
The lift you choose or that will most suit you is driven by the type of work that you perform in your workshop and by the type and size of vehicles that your clients bring to you for repair.
Some things to consider
Quality over price is critical
The industry has been flooded with poorly made hoists that don’t comply with local workplace laws. Buying a hoist is a solid investment so take the time to understand the differences between the types of hoists and make sure to choose quality over price.
Remember you are entrusting your life or the lives of your employees to the safety and security of the hoist that you purchase, so it is a good idea to allow your buying decision to be guided by the quality and safety reputation of the equipment rather than by the cheapest offer available.
After sales support
Ask the supplier (and your colleagues in the industry) about the equipment brand reliability and reputation, ask about the parts holding levels for repairs, ask who does their installation (is it done by their in house factory trained technicians or subcontracted out to a third party), ask if they perform the mandatory annual safety inspections (again check if it is performed by the supplier or do they give that responsibility to a non-involved subcontractor).
Compliance
Make sure that the hoist that you are going to purchase meets local workplace laws and requirements, ask if the hoists are certified and ask for a copy of the certification number.
Life span – replacement plan
A hoist in a dealership environment will do more work and hence wear more quickly than a hoist in a home workshop so take that into account and consider the life span of the equipment. We suggest to operators of high use dealership workshops that they create a hoist replacement plan, so that as the hoists age they allow for the cost of a replacement hoist in their budget to keep all of their equipment fleet modern and late model (under 10-15 years of age).
We have found from our maintenance records that hoists that are over this age become increasingly more expensive to maintain. By having a late model fleet of hoists you can ensure that the running costs of the equipment are kept to a minimum during the time that the equipment is productive for you.
Think of a hoist in the same way as you would a vehicle, low kilometre late model vehicles cost less to run and maintain and are more reliable that high kilometre older model vehicles.
A second-hand hoist is best used in a home workshop where the lift cycles or usage will be considerably lower than in a retail environment.
Two Post Hoists
Two post hoists have become a significant part of the automotive repair industry and make up the largest proportion of the hoist market. These hoists, of which there are many variations, lift the vehicle with a set of arms that engage the chassis and lift the vehicle so that the wheels are left suspended in the air allowing the mechanic easy access to the wheels and brake systems. They are ideally suited to general servicing and repair work and they are the most cost-effective hoist on the market today. They provide mechanics with space and clearance that they need to work around a vehicle efficiently. They suit most tasks within the workshop environment from oil changing, wiring installation, gearbox and clutch repair through to exhaust system jobs.
They come in three main variations:
Base model two post hoist
This style of hoist has a joining bridge on the ground between the two posts to allow for the lifting cables and electrical wiring to connect from one post to the other. These hoists are ideally suited to locations where roof clearance is an issue, the drawback is the joining bridge between the posts can hinder gearbox removal and also create a trip hazard underneath the vehicle.
Clear floor model two post hoist
This style of hoist has a joining bridge between the top of the two posts to allow for the cables and electrical wiring to connect from one post to the other above the vehicle. These hoists are the most widely used hoist on the market as they allow clear open access under the vehicle and they are the most popular and cost-effective hoists on today’s market.
In ground or flush mount two post hoists
These hoists are contained in a capsule that is placed in the ground so that effectively the only part of the hoist that is above ground are the two sets of lifting arms to engage and lift the car. These hoists are perfectly suited for modern workshops that desire a clean clear clutter free look to them, they have all of the benefits of a two-post hoist without the two posts that sometimes limit access and movement around vehicles. The initial purchase cost is much higher than a standard two post hoist and they need a large pit for the capsule to be lowered into the ground. They are best suited to a new build where the capsules can be allowed for in the foundations however they can be retrofitted to an existing workshop with some excavation work.
The big advantages of two post hoists are the ease of access to components of the vehicle for many different tasks, they leave the wheels suspended free, they take up less space than a 4 post hoist and they are the most widely used and economical hoist to purchase. The weight capacities of this style of hoist usually range from 3000kgs up to 8000kgs.
The main disadvantage of this style of hoist is that vehicles that are unevenly weighted can be difficult to lift and some manufacturers have vehicles that they recommend not to lift on this style of hoist.
Four Post Hoists
Four post hoists have ramps that enable the car to be driven onto them so that mechanics can lift the vehicle with the wheels on the platforms, allowing them to perform complex maintenance work. These lifts are best suited to lifting vehicles that are unevenly loaded and for wheel alignment procedures, they can be equipped with rolling jacks to raise and lower the front or back axles of the vehicle to allow the mechanic to work on the wheels or brake systems. The weight capacities of this style of hoist usually range from 3000kgs all the way up to over 20000kgs for truck and heavy vehicle workshops.
The advantages of this style of hoist are that they are very stable and suited to lifting heavy or unevenly loaded vehicles.
Scissor Lift Hoists
Scissor lift hoists are ideally suited to work bays and workshops where space is limited or in dedicated wheel alignment bays. There are four main types of scissor lift hoist and then there is a modern variation of a scissor lift hoist referred to as a knuckle boom:
Motorcycle lift, these hoists are specially designed to lift a motorcycle or quad bike off the ground for servicing and major repair. They often have a clamp to lock the front wheel in place and usually have removable floor panels to allow the mechanic access to remove the wheels.
Mid-rise scissor lift,
these hoists lift the vehicle only 600mm to 1000mm off the workshop floor, these are usually used for tyre changing in tyre shops or accessory fitting in pre-delivery centres.
Full height service scissor lifts
which engage the cars chassis and lift the car to full working height (normally around 1800mm off the ground) These hoists have the benefit of a two post hoist in that all of the wheels and brakes are suspended for clear access without the need to have lifting posts on either side of the car, this attribute allows them to be installed in very narrow bays or where space is limited. They are ideally suited to quick service bays. The disadvantage is that the lifting mechanism is under the vehicle and can make them a difficult hoist to perform major mechanical repairs such as gearbox changes or drive line work. If you plan on lifting 4wd vehicles or vans then make sure to request an additional adapter kit designed for lifting these style of vehicles.
Wheel alignment scissor lifts
have platforms similar to the four post hoist, they are designed for the car to be driven onto a set of platforms but unlike the 4 post hoist they do not have posts at each corner, they have instead a mechanism under each platform that lifts the vehicle up to working height. They are ideally suited to wheel alignment bays as they allow for clear access along each side of the vehicle and once the vehicle is lifted off the workshop floor they allow the technician easy access to make adjustments to the cars steering linkages for the alignment.
Knuckle Lift hoists,
while technically not a scissor lift hoist it falls into a similar class as its footprint is very much the same as the scissor lifts above. They are primarily designed as a heavy-duty lift and are used extensively in truck workshops and busy automotive dealership shops. The initial purchase cost of this style of hoist is usually higher than an equivalent scissor lift but they do have specific applications in the market today. These hoists are very stable and are being used for wheel alignment applications, they are however, a complicated hoist which needs dedicated regular expert maintenance.
Scissor lift hoist lifting capacities range from 400kgs for motorcycle lists right e up to 6000kgs for the examples 1-4 however the Knuckle lift hoists in the last example can be configured to raise large heavy vehicles well over 30000kgs.
Mobile Column Lifts
This is a heavy-duty style of lift that is most suited to heavy truck workshops, the columns are mobile and can be utilised in different locations around the workshop or even outside on concrete surfaces. Each of the columns is rolled under a wheel and they are synchronised to lift the vehicle up to a safe working height, between 4 and up to 8 columns can be connected together to lift trucks and even prime movers while still connected to their trailers. Heavy stands can be rolled under the vehicle allowing the vehicle to be lowered onto them so the technicians can work all around the vehicle, this allows the columns to be then utilised elsewhere in the workshop by the technicians to lift another vehicle for repair.
There are many different types of vehicle hoists available on the market today and they all do what they are designed to do which is lift vehicles, however as you can see from the descriptions above it is wise to do your research before purchasing your next hoist.